What Classes Are Required for a Computer Science Degree?

Computer science is a discipline that spans the study of algorithms, data structures, software design, and the interaction between humans and computers. This field is about more than understanding the inner workings of computer systems and software development. It also embraces leveraging this knowledge to solve complex problems, create innovative technologies, and transform how we live, work, and communicate.

If you want to work in computer science, you may need to earn a bachelor's degree. The courses you'll take to earn the degree focus on foundations like computing concepts and theories, mathematics, and programming. If you're considering a degree in computer science, learn more about what classes are required for a computer science degree so you know what to expect.

What classes are required for a computer science degree?

Computer science degree programs typically include coursework in theory and application, including program design, machine organization, and computer security. You'll start with general education requirements, such as writing, history, and natural science. These courses can build your general knowledge base and develop critical thinking and communication skills. Then, you'll be able to move on to computer science courses.

Intro to computer science

This foundational course covers the basics of computer programming, software development processes, and the theoretical underpinnings of computer operations. Topics covered generally include computer hardware, programming languages, data structures, and algorithms. Typically, these courses have course codes starting with the number one or two, as you can see in the following example course titles:

• CSE 205: Object-oriented Programming and Data Structures

• CSE 240: Introduction to Programming Languages

• CGS 1570 Computer Applications 1

• COP 2220: Introduction to Programming in C

Advanced computer science

As you progress, you delve into more complex areas such as algorithms, computer architecture, and operating systems, which are pivotal for understanding the intricacies of software development and system design. The course codes for these classes usually begin with a three or four, like the following example courses:

• CSE 412: Database Management

• CSE 340: Principles of Programming Languages

• COP 3530: Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis

• COP 4610: Computer Operating Systems

Mathematics and statistics

Math is the language used to build computers and computer systems, which is why you can expect to take math courses as a computer science major. Calculus, statistics, and linear algebra courses provide the mathematical framework necessary for algorithm development, data analysis, and machine learning.

Data structures

In data structures courses, you study data organization, management, and storage, which is critical for efficient software development and problem-solving. These courses generally fall under the required course category for computer science majors and cover topics like data types, lists, stacks, and algorithm analysis.

Intro to software engineering 

Software engineering introductory courses introduce you to the principles of designing, developing, and testing software. The topics you study include software engineering research methods and the steps to develop computer software. This course often includes a review of the software development lifecycle (SDLC) commonly used by development teams and SDLC models like Agile and Waterfall.

Specialized electives

You'll also likely take specialized electives on computer security, machine learning, or data visualization. These courses allow you to explore niche areas within computer science, such as artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and human-computer interactions, thus tailoring your education to their interests and career aspirations.

Why study computer science?

A degree in computer science can be a launchpad for a dynamic, rewarding, and endlessly versatile career. You may pursue work in several industries, like business, education, finance, insurance, robotics, and more. However, you may find it helpful to consider the pros and cons of studying computer science as you choose a major or decide which type of training to attend.

Pros

• A foundation for lifelong learning: Computer science is an evolving field. Earning a degree in this discipline equips you with a foundational skill set that you can apply as you continuously learn and adapt to new technologies and methodologies you encounter in your work.

• Competitive advantage in the job market: Demand for computer science graduates continues to grow as businesses and organizations increase the use of technology in their organizations. A degree in this field enhances your employability and positions you for higher earning potential and career growth.

• Lucrative career opportunities. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports a median wage of $104,420 for computer science jobs [1]. Jobs in this category have a positive job outlook, with several of them—including computer and information research scientists, computer support specialists, and database administrators—growing faster than average [2, 3, 4]. 

Cons

• Rigorous coursework: The courses you take can be rigorous, demanding a high level of dedication and problem-solving prowess. Some topics may be new or require additional skills like applied and theoretical math.

• Cost: On average, college students spend more than $38,000 annually, which adds up to nearly $152,000 for a degree [5]. This cost can increase if you need to take pre-requisite courses, and you still may need to spend money on industry certifications.

• Time: You'll spend about four years studying to earn a bachelor's degree in a rapidly changing field. This means you may need to pursue certifications or independent study outside your class schedule to keep up with emerging technology.

Careers in computer science

A degree in computer science is surprisingly versatile, and you can pursue various computer science-related careers like data analyst, computer programmer, and information security analyst. The following list outlines what you do in these roles and how much you can potentially earn.

Software Developer

Software developers design and maintain the applications that power businesses, entertainment, and everyday life. In this role, you may create computer applications to solve a problem for a client, assist programmers with developing the application's code, and test software to ensure it functions as designed.

Median salary: $104,120 [6]

Data Scientist

As a data scientist, you will likely analyze complex datasets to pull insights and present data to inform decision-making for business leaders and project teams. In many cases, you also build the tools necessary to collect data. Data scientists work across insurance, research and development, and business management sectors.

Median salary: $118,016 [7]

Cybersecurity Analyst

As a cybersecurity analyst, you have the important responsibility of protecting information systems and networks from cyber threats, thus ensuring the security and integrity of data. You may inspect systems, recommend enhancing security, and notify leaders when you identify a system breach. 

Median salary: $102,582 [8]

Machine Learning Engineer

Machine learning engineers develop algorithms and models that enable machines to learn from data, driving advancements in artificial intelligence applications. Specific tasks you may perform include processing data, testing models, and collaborating with teams to build learning models. You may take on a supervisory role as you advance in your career.

Median salary: $122,770 [9]

Network Architect

As a network architect, you design and implement computer networks that support an organization’s communication and operational needs, such as local area networks and intranets. In this role, you may develop layouts, oversee the installation of networks, and make recommendations to improve the performance of connected hardware and software.

Median salary: $147,359 [10]

Get started with Coursera.

A computer science degree offers a deep understanding of the principles and practices underpinning the digital world and opens the door to a future where technology and innovation intersect. Whether you’re drawn to the intellectual challenge, the potential for innovation, or the wide array of career opportunities, a computer science degree can be the key to unlocking your potential and shaping the future of technology.

Coursera partners with recognized universities and organizations to offer various computer science courses, from introductory programming to specialized machine learning and cybersecurity topics. These courses, such as Supervised Machine Learning: Regression and Classification (part of the Machine Learning Specialization from Stanford), provide flexibility and accessibility, allowing you to tailor your learning experience to your goals and schedule.